depiction that is true even of the worldly church of Corinth (1 Cor. 1:2). Given this status of holiness, church leaders exhort their members to live as holy people (1 Peter 1:14–16). The term catholicity needs clarification. Rather than referring to the particular Roman Catholic Church, this descriptor refers to the church’s universality.4 The church is catholic for two reasons. The first reason is the presence of Christ in it, as Ignatius explained: “Where there is Christ Jesus, there is the Catholic